1. What is an ecosystem?
2. What are the components of the abiotic environment?
3. Where are the biomes located on a map?
4. What controls which biome develops in a given place?
5. Which biomes are most productive? Least productive? Why?
6. What two roles do organisms play in the environment?
7. What do producers do?
8. What do consumers do?
9. What are the 4 types of consumers?
10. How does energy move through an ecosystem?
11. How do nutrients move through an ecosystem?
12. What is a food chain? Give a specific example.
13. What is a food web? Give a specific example.
14. What is a trophic level?
15. Can you identify organisms in a food web as to their trophic level? Role in the food web?
16. What are the two types of food chains? Which is more common?
17. Why does a pyramid of biomass (energy) develop (3 reasons)?
18. Why is it more efficient to eat at lower trophic levels?
19. How much energy gets passed from one trophic level to another?

20. What is the difference between human and natural food chains?
21. What are the components of a biogeochemical cycle?
22. Can you draw the water, carbon, phosphorous and nitrogen cycles?
23. What is a niche?
24. What 3 sets of parameters define a niche?
25. When does competition develop?
26. What are the two types of competition and which is more intense?
27. When is competition strongest?
28. What is competitive exclusion?
29. Do predators control prey populations?
30. What is a keystone species?
31. What are the types (3) of keystone species?
32. Give a specific example of each type of keystone species.
33. What are the 3 types of symbiosis?
34. What are the possible interactions between organisms?
35. What is succession?
36. How does succession unfold?
37. What is the relationship between succession and biomes?
38. What characterizes climax and pioneer communities?

1.         A distinctive type of ecosytem is called a

A.    community.

B.    population.

C.    climax community.

D.    biome.

E.     biosphere.

2.         The second law of thermodynamics indicates why, in an ecosystem, energy must

A.    flow through the system.

B.    consist largely of autotrophs.

C.    be created and destroyed constantly.

D.    cause secondary succession.

E.     be recycled.

3.         An adaptive change in a prey species causes a corresponding change in the predator species. This is called

A.    parasitism.

B.    competitive exclusion.

C.    coevolution.

D.    resource partitioning.

E.     mimicry.

4.         Describe the features of the tundra biome.

5.         A region of varying salinity where a river empties into an ocean is called a(n)

A.    reef.

B.    intertidal zone.

C.    estuary.

D.    mangrove swamp.

E.     eutrophic zone.

6.         _______________ means that some chemicals are concentrated within cells.

7.         Organisms that ultimately return biomass material to the ecosystem are called

8.         ____________ is the total dry weight of organisms in a given area at a given time.

A.    Climax

B.    A partition

C.    A niche

D.    Ecological succession

E.     Biomass

10.       In tundra, the ground remains frozen year-round as

A.    a benthic zone.

B.    permafrost.

C.    a littoral zone.

D.    taiga.

E.     lichens.

11.       The food source for a predator is called a

A.    parasitoid.

B.    niche.

C.    symbiosis.

D.    resource partition.

E.     prey.

12.       One species living in or on another in such a way that both species benefit is called

A.    interspecies competition.

B.    predation.

C.    commensalism.

D.    mutualism.

E.     parasitism.

13.       All of the populations in a given area constitute a

A.    population cline.

B.    clade.

C.    species.

D.    ecosystem.

E.     biotic community.

14.       A __________ species is one that many members of the community depend upon.

A.    keystone

B.    primary

C.    secondary

D.     capstone